Study of Environmental Pollution Rustling from Balhaf Liquid Natural Gas Station Using Spectroscopy Analysis, Shabwah Governorate – Yemen

Khaled  Laqal; Siddig  Tawaer Kafi; yousif alsabah; Abobakr A. M.  Salem

Authors

Khaled Laqal Department of Physics, faculty of Oil and Minerals, Shabwah University, Shabwah, Yemen
Siddig Tawaer Kafi Department of Physics, College of applied Science, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
yousif alsabah Department of Physics, Colleges Education and applied Science, Hajjah University, Hajjah, Yemen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1964-1882
Abobakr A. M. Salem Department of Physics, faculty of Science, Bahri University, Khartoum, Sudan

Keywords:

LNG Project, LIBS, ICP, pollution, Shabowah, Balhaf, Yemen, FTIR

Abstract

The present work aimed to determine the contaminants in soil resulting due to emissions that come from natural gas in the station of Balhaf which is it LNG project in Shabowah Gov, Republic of Yemen. Total 20 samples soil samples were collected at depth of approximately (0-10 cm) from different locations from the Balhaf natural gas station. These samples were analyzed by Laser Breakdown Plasma Spectroscopy (LIBS) to determine the samples toxic elements. The components of the toxic elements present in the soil samples were further confirmed by spectroscopic technique induced coupled plasma (ICP) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The LIBS spectra showed the presence of different amounts of elements, including radioactive and toxic elements such as (Ac, Pu, Th, U) and (Al, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Tl, Zn), in all of the soil samples. The concentrations of the elements were calculated by ICP spectroscopy. The average concentrations of elements in the samples appeared to be 410 ppb for Al, 1.9 ppb for Ba, 2.6 ppb for Cd,2.7 ppb for Co, 2.3 ppb for Cr, 257 ppb for Cu, 30 ppb for Mn, 6,8 ppb for Ni, 63 ppb for Th, 56 ppb for Tl and 6.1 ppb for Zn, but these values did not exceed normal levels for these elements in earth crust according to reference values such as ATSDR 2020, IAEA, 200. The presence of a high concentration of toxic elements in the soil around the natural gas facility, that indicates the presence of emissions from this facility that leads to the accumulation of these elements in the soil.

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